Saturday, October 11, 2014

An article on 'The Universe'



 ‘The Universe’

If we look at the sky on a clear night, is seems to a kind of roof spreading over a flat earth. Our forefathers believed that the earth was all flat and endless and the heavenly bodies were silently moving across it.

But now we have come to know that the earth is a small globe and it revolves around the sun. It is a part of the solar system. In relation to the solar system, the earth is extremely small. It can be compared to a fly. The moon going round the earth is smaller still hardly the size of a pin-head. On the same scale, the sun can be compared to a ball Of fire. The earth itself would be like a ball the size of a capital ‘O’. There are eight more planets like our earth. All the nine planets circle round the sun at various distances. Jupiter is the biggest planet. Many tiny moons circle round various planets. The number of members (the sun and the tiny moons) in our solar system is thirty.
The sun is one of the countless stars in the sky. Most of the stars are also as big as our sun. Our sun is just an insignificant member of the galaxy. The galaxy consists of at least a hundred thousand million stars. The band of white stars which we see across the sky at night is only a part of this galaxy. We also call it the milky way or the heavenly Ganga. The galaxy is shaped like a biscuit, thick in the middle and thin towards the edge. The galaxy turns round on its axis like a vast wheel.
The galaxy is packed with stars. The galaxy, however is mostly empty. There is a vast distance between different stars. The nearest star is about 5400 kms. away. The galaxy is extremely big. It is not possible to measure its size in miles or kilometers. The astronomers use the unit light-year which is the distance travelled by light in a year at the rate of 186,000 miles per second. The nearest star from the earth is four and a half light-years away. The pole star is about 78 light years away from the earth.
Roughly, there are 150 million galaxies in all. There is an average distance of two million light years between two galaxies. The farthest galaxies are about 6000 million light-years away from the earth. Everything in this universe is in motion whether it is an atom or a galaxy. The galaxies revolve on their own axes.
The milky way contains some 2,000 nearby galaxies. The distant galaxies are all moving away from us and from each other at an alarming speed. The galaxies are moving apart because our universe has been expanding ever since the great explosion (big bang) some six hundred crores of years ago. In the beginning, the universe must have been very small and all the matter was closely packed in a limited space. Other astronomers who believe in the steady state’ theory say that the universe has always existed and will always exist as it is now.
There is a great probability, that other planets too have thinking persons and living creatures on them. We cannot hope to get in touch with them nor can we communicate with them.

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